Motor



(No Model.) v 2 Sheets-Sheet -1.

W. B. BARY.

MOTOR Patented Sept. 17, 1895.

lNVENTOl-T WITNESSES:

" ATTOHWE rs ANDREW asngmm.muio-umuwnsmusmmuc.

(No Model.) I 2 Sheets-Sheet 2.

W. B. BARY.

' MOTOR.

No. 546,481. Patented Sept. 17, 1895'.

WITNESSES: INVENTOR cf. wiJW *QTTORNE rs ANDREW EGRAHAM.PNOTOU'MEWASNINGTUK QC.

UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

WILLIAM BENJAMIN BABY, OF ST. PETERSBURG, RUSSIA;

MOTOR.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 546,481, datedSeptember 17, 1895.

Application filed Aprillo, 1895- Serial N0- 545|196l (N0 model) To allwhom it may concern.-

Be it known that I, WILLIAM BENJAMIN BABY, a citizen of the UnitedStates of America, and a resident of St. Petersburg, Russia, haveinvented certain new and useful Improvements in Motors, of which thefollowing is a specification.

The motor of my system is designedto perform work by explosions of amixture of inflammable gases or hydrocarbon vapors with air, and itscharacteristic feature consists in the combination, whereby theexplosion of the mixture takes place separately in a cylinder of smallerdimensions, allowing the products of explosion to pass immediatelyafterward through communicating ports into a larger cylinder, where theymix with compressed air contained therein, in consequence of which heatis being transmitted from the contents of the small cylinder to thecontents of the large cylinder and thereby the temperature in the smallcylinder is being readily reduced. Owingto the application of thiscombination the constant cooling of the, cylinders by means ofcirculating water becomes unneces sary, and thus the heat, which isusually lost, being absorbed and carried away by the heated water, is inthis manner utilized for the purpose of heating the compressed air inthe larger cylinder and performing actual Work. By varying the relativesizes of the cylinders and the rate of compression of gaseous mixtures,it is rendered possible to work the motor at any desired and practicaltemperature without necessitating the cylinders to be cooled by water.

In order that my invention might'bo more readily understood I have shownon the annexed drawings one mode of carrying it into practice.

Figure 1 represents a side view of the motor of my system, the smallercylinder being represented in longitudinal section. Fig. 2 is ahorizontal section of same.- Figs. 3 and l are transverse sections,respectively, on the lines 3 3 and 4 4, Fig. 2.

A is a smaller cylinder.

B is a larger cylinder.

or represents communicating ports between the smaller and largercylinders.

O is a valve-box with valves for the smaller cylinder.

the products of explosion from the smaller I cylinder into the pipe H.

d is an exhaust-valve for the discharge of the products of explosionfrom the larger cylinder into the pipe H.

F is a valve-box with suction-valve for the suction of a mixture of gasand air into the smaller cylinder for the purpose of their compression.v

F is a valve-box with suction-valve for the suction of air into thelarger cylinder for the purpose of its compression.

e is a suction-valve for the suction of a mixture of gas and air intothe smaller cylinder for the purpose of their compression.

6' is a suction-valve forthe suction of air into the larger cylinder forthe purpose of its compression.

f is avalve through which a compressed mixture of gas and air is passedinto the reservoir E from the smaller cylinder.

f is a valve through which compressed air is passed into the reservoir Efrom the larger cylinder.

9 is an ignition device. K represents levers which are moved by suitableeccentrics from the motor-shaft for the purpose of opening at intervalsthe valves b b, d and cl.

H is an exhaust-pipe for the outlet of the products of the explosions.

E is a reservoir for the compressed mixture of gas and air. p

E is a reservoir for the compressed air.

My motor performs its work in the following manner: To start the motorfor the first time the pistons in the cylinders Aand B are moved to andfro by means of the fiy-wheel until a desired degree of compression isattained, whereby the inner part of the small cylinder serves tocompress a mixture of gas and air by sucking them through the valve 6and forcing the mixture into the reservoir E through the valve f. At thesame time the inner part of the large cylinder serves to com.-

press air alone by sucking it through the valve e and forcing the samethrough the valvef into the reservoir E. After the desired pressure hasbeen attained the levers 7e are set at work by the eccentric from themotor-shaft, and the valves Z), Z), (Z, and (1 commence to perform theirduties. The compressed mixture is let into the outer part of the smallcylinder and the compressed air into the outer part of the largecylinder from the respective reservoirs E and E. By the action of thesame levers 7.; from the eccentric on the motor-shaft the valves Z) andZ) are closed at a certain point. Thus the inlet of the compressedmixture and air into the two respective cylinders ceases. By expansionof the charges in the two cylinders the two pistons in the cylindersAand B advance and the piston in the small cylinderB passes the ignitiondevice g, whereby the mixture being ignited explodes. The pistons in thecylinders A and B further advance and uncover the communicating portsabetween the two cylinders. Owing to the ditference in pressure at themoment just produced by the explosion of the contents in the outer partof the small cylinder the contents of both cylinders in their outerparts mix therein, whereby the temperature of the contents in the outerpart of the small cylinder is being readily reduced and of thecontentsin the outer part of thelarge cylinderisbeingasreadilyincreased.Thus the contents in the outer parts of both cylinders are equalized intemperature and pressure. The increased pressure caused by explosion andafterward equalized in both cylinders act upon both pistons in thecylinders A and B and force them to advance. During the advancement ofthe pistonsin the inner parts of the cylinders the compression of themixture of gas and air in the small cylinder and of air alone in thelarge cylinder takes place, and the mixture and the air are forced intothe respective cylinders E and E. The return stroke of the pistons iseffected by the energyaccumulated in the fly-wheel. By means of thereturn stroke into theinner part of the cylinders are sucked, for thepurpose of compressioninto the small gas and air and into the large air.By the same return stroke the products of explosion are driven out fromthe outer parts of the two cylinders and discharged through the valvescl and (1,

which are opened by the lever from the cocentric on the motor-shaft. Theproducts of explosion finally pass through the exhaustpipe H. Theworking of my motor is continued in the manner above described. To startthe motor again, after the same has been in operation and stopped, itrequires merely to heat the ignition device and to allow the levers 7ato perform their duties-to open the respective valves, as compressedmixtures and air were stored in the respective reservoirs during theprior working of the motor.

The pressure in the reservoirs E E is controlled by monometers andsafety-valves (not shown on the drawings) or in any usual manner. Alsothe speed of the motor is regulated by an ordinary governor actingon thelevers 7a or in any other convenient manner.

The meters of my system may have more than two cylinders and can be madeof horizontal and vertical types. They can be constructed as monoorpolycycle engines. Their cylinders may be set not only one alongside ofthe other, as described, but one under the other or one behind the othertandem.

I claim as my invention- 1. In combination, in a gas engine the twocylinders arranged side by side with a port between them, the twopistons moving in unison and in the same direction in said cylinders,acompressed air supply leading to one cylinder and controlled by avalve, an explosive mixture supply controlled by a valve and leading tothe other cylinder and an igniting device in one cylinder arranged toact when the port between the two cylinders is closed, substantially asdescribed.

2. A gas engine comprising the compressed air and explosive mixturereservoirs, the cylinders having valve connections therewith from theopposite ends of the cylinders, the port between the cylinders, thepistons moving in unison in the cylinders and arranged to cover anduncover the said port, substantially as described.

In testimony whereof I have signed my name to this specification in thepresence of two subscribing witnesses.

VILLIAM BENJAMIN-BA RY.

Witnesses:

N. TSCHEKALOFF, E. WANscHEInr.

